Despite Pakistan’s efforts to eliminate gender-based violence (GBV), violence against women has continued to fester within the country and has claimed an estimated 5,000 lives annually. An overview of the cultural, social and institutional barriers that women must navigate affirms the need for necessary reforms in the social, economic, and judicial sectors capable of creating a sociocultural environment that is conducive to women’s safety and autonomy.

Low-income and minority communities are the most socially vulnerable to climate change. This study uses a systems thinking lens to focus on the impacts of recurring urban inland flooding in Milwaukee – specifically the disproportionate impacts on individuals with lesser adaptive capacity than other communities.

After an eight-year battle, Waukesha received approval for their request to divert Great Lakes water to its municipality. However, Waukesha’s gain is not without negative impacts to other communities. This case study focuses on the environmental justice impacts of the Waukesha Diversion Return Flow and recommends steps for the involved municipalities to take.