This article intends to serve as a guide and resource for asset owners and managers investing in or managing impact investment strategies. Moreover, the article describes the ‘P4 Framework,’ a practical tool for assessing the opportunity set of impact investment managers.
Agricultural practices that preserve ecosystem services are growing. Nongovernmental organizations have taken a market-based approach, introducing certification programs which compensate farmers who adhere to sustainability standards for their consequent reductions in yield by charging consumers a price premium. We conduct a choice experiment to test consumers’ willingness to pay for such eco-labeled products.